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…culture. In addition to the coins which explicitly allude to the Islamic tradition, there are also coins that have an Iraqi-Syrian local character. According to DĀʿISH, these coins depict “an image of seven…

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…The five-dinar coin visualizes a map of the globe that outlines the territory belonging to the self-proclaimed umma, including Constantinople, Rome, and America. The copper ten-fils coin portrays the Muslim…

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…piety, justice, military prowess, and the knowledge of the Qurʾan. In modern scholarship, Islamic coins had also served as a source of reconstructing history, especially when other primary sources were…

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…minting of coins tended to emphasize the religious and political character of the Islamic caliphate. Hugh Kennedy argues that the currency was witness to the caliph’s authority. The ability to mint coins and…

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…appearance, its engraving, or its description define whether a coin is good or bad. Only an assayer may recognize and distinguish real coins from ones made of fake silver (bahraj), forged (zāʾif), coated…

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…Okun292 es in einem Aufsatz mit dem die Schwierigkeiten kennzeichnenden Titel „Social Welfare has no Price Tag“ ausdrückte, ist die Schaffung eines umfassenden Maßes des gesellschaftlichen Wohlstandes die…

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…particularly to the tax, price, and partly also to the production statistics, in short to the statistical screening of all economic spheres, in which “black” turnover, “black” prices and “black” income played…

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…approximately, the present national product by continuing the 1936 results by means of production and price indices. The year of 1936 was selected the starting point, since it was possible only for that year…

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…„Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnungen und Wirtschaftspolitik“ sowie über „National product at constant prices in the Federal Republic of Germany“ veröffentlicht. 1971 publizierte sie einen Beitrag über „Statistische…

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…Wirtschaft und Statistik, Jg. 1971, Heft 10, S. 593–604. Okun, Arthur Melvin (1971): Social Welfare has no Price Tag, in: Survey of Current Business, 50th Anniversary issue, July 1971, S. 129–133. Stone, Richard…

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…und seine Werkstatt (Frankfurt 1989) Price 1987 S. R. F. Price, Rituals and Power. The Roman Imperial Cult in Asia Minor (Cambridge 1987) Price 1999 S. R. F. Price, Religions of the Ancient Greeks (Cambridge…

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…[πόλεω]ς θεοῦ Διονύσου ἐν τῇ ἀνοίξει τ[οῦ νεὼ ὑπὸ] [τῶν ἐ]φήβων καὶ τοῦ ἱερέως τῶν παί[δων· ἐπὶ] 47 Price 1999, 176 f. 48 Übers. Autor. Eine ganz ähnliche Formel findet sich in einer weiteren pergamenischen…

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… In der historischen Forschung wurden die Ergebnisse eher wahrgenommen, z. B. Burkert 1977, 153; Price 1999, 57 f., die die Betretbarkeit als gegeben ansehen, dennoch dem Tempel keine große Bedeutung für…

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…Bibliographie. 843 Kern 1900, Nr. 98 = LSAM 32. Eine dt. Übersetzung bei Bingöl 1998, 56; engl.: Price 1999, 174 f. Zur Inschrift, s. auch Hölscher 2007, 35 f. 844 Kohte 1904, 157 Abb. 169; Kern 1900,…

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… In der historischen Forschung wurden die Ergebnisse eher wahrgenommen, z. B. Burkert 1977, 153; Price 1999, 57 f., die die Betretbarkeit als gegeben ansehen, dennoch dem Tempel keine große Bedeutung für…

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…CSEL 29 S 268) s ehe auch Kö zsche-Bre enbruch 1991 S 294-295 und Dö ger 1932a S 107 104 Überse zung: FC 25 S 731 105 Pau nus v No a Ep 32 8 CSEL 29 S 283): „S vero mag s p acea vob s hanc de cruce bened…

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…Märtyrer bereit waren, für diesen zu sterben. Umständehalber wurde es 107 Peregr na o Ae her ae 37 2 FC 20 S 272 CSEL 39 S 88: d e Schr f w rd n d eser ä eren Tex ausgabe von P Geyer 1898) a s „S S v ae…

Ausführliche Beschreibung auf unbekannte Sprache
…Diocletian’s Edict of Maximum Prices was inscribed on the façade of the city’s Civil Basilica in AD 301. The volume presents the history and background of the Edict, the detailed archaeology of its context…

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…1319-22 þαο κανηþκι king Kanishka-GEN.SG ‘(coin) of King Kanishka’ (41) NumKan 1304-08, 1317-18 þαονανο þαο κανηþκι κοþανο king-OBL.PL king Kanishka-GEN.SG Kushan ‘(coin) of the king of kings Kanishka the Kushan’…

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…economy. The coin legends are in a variety of scripts: Greek, Aramaic (also in Middle Iranian languages), Kharoṣṭhī, Brāhmī, Bactrian, and Middle Persian. However, we do not know any coin legend in the…

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…read as /šāw/, 35 is a ghost-word: it appears only on Huvishka coins read as ÞΑΟΝΑΝΟÞΑΟΟ-ΟΗÞΚΙΚΟÞΑΝΟ. The name of the ruler on these coins has two omicrons 34 Livšic 1969: 57, n. 48. N. Sims-Williams (e-mail…

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…identifies at least three shapes of the diacritic. The first is found in Aśokan inscriptions and in some coins of the Indo-Greek kings and consists of a small ma written at the base of the akṣara, i.e. subscript…

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…(unknown provenance). Ed. by Sims-Williams 2015. NumKan Coins of Kanishka (several findspots). Alram 1986, nos. 1304–1308, 1310– 1322. NumHuv Coins of Huvishka (several findspots). Alram 1986, nos. 1323–1346…

Kurzbeschreibung auf unbekannte Sprache
…by the author including a reconstruction of the display context for Diocletian’s Edict of Maximum Prices inscribed on the building's North Facade (with Michael Crawford). The Basilica is set in the context…

Ausführliche Beschreibung auf unbekannte Sprache
…illustrated with over a hundred drawings by the author. The reconstruction of Diocletian’s Edict of Maximum Prices inscribed on the Basilica's North Facade (pieced together in collaboration with Michael Crawford)…

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…Chaniotis for help with the epigraphic material. I also thank Michael Crawford, whose expertise on the price edict of Diocletian was fundamental in our collaborative work together. I have also enjoyed collegial…

Vorwort
…in the archaeology of the Basilica, the inscription of the emperor Diocletian’s edict of maximum prices on the North Facade in the early fourth century AD. The reconstruction of the North Facade was my…

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…6 wall, whose elaborate moldings imitated operable shutters. Diocletian’s Price Edict (over 4,000 lines in length) was carved into almost the full expanse of the North Facade’s screen wall (Fig. 4). A…

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…much sense, because sēr is a weight unit, not a coin, even though the submultiple mis̱qāl can be both ‘a weight of a dram and three sevenths’ and ‘a gold coin’ (steingass 1172). It is true that the odd ‘hundreds…

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…Its sistanic dialectal background 181 gd (III 12) ‘bad [bad]’,9 ghʾ ‘price [bahā]’ in the compound xwnghʾ (Iv 92) ‘the blood price’, ghʾnh (II 224) ‘pretext [bahāne]’, ghyšt (II 214) ‘paradise [behešt]’…

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…the thirty coins, the unbelieving Judas flees immediately in doubt, the infidel one38 [b 1cd Saraf(ā) *sīḥ *manyā jumhūr‑i badīmān / sar‑i dast(ā) āmad kāfir dar Gasimān Wasting thirty coins, an unbelieving…

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…“thirty pieces of silver” of Mt 26.15. An alternative emendation *mʿʾ mā āʿ ‘coin’ from syr. mō ôʿ ‘a weight; a small coin; money’ is palaeographically less likely. 1d sar‑i das(a)t, which usually means…

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…obvious candidate, /dānag/ ‘seed’, should probably be excluded. This word is most likely /dāng/ ‘small coin, obol; the sixth part of a dirham’, etymologically connected with /dānag/, and whose meaning is better…

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…minting of bronze coins diminished in the later fourth century, meaning that earlier bronze coins remained in circulation for a very long time. Thus, destruction dates based on coin evidence may be too…

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…documents prices of materials and craftsmanship with respect to the manufacture of statuary in Italy during the first two centuries of the Principate. For bronze, silver, and marble the price for workmanship…

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…Fig. 3 Coin of Hadrian (RESTITVTORI ACHAIAE reverse type). AD 134–38 Stewart Taf. 7 Fig. 4 Inscription from base of a statue for Claudian, found in the Forum of Trajan, Rome. AD 400–02. Naples, Museo Nazionale…

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…staggering inflation of the later third century is likely to have influenced these ratios, driving prices even higher. 14 Cf. Saradi 1995. 15 On urban displays and civic identity see: Hanfmann 1975, 54–75;…

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… R. R. Smith (eds.), Aphrodisias Papers 2: The Thea tre, a Sculptor’s Workshop, Philosophers, and Coin Types (1991) 127 143. Roueché 1989 C. Roueché, Aphrodisias in Late Antiquity (1989). Roueché 1993…

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…Testament Motifs” Morton Smith, “Old Testament Motifs of Magical Gems”, in L. Casson and M. Price, eds., Coins, Culture, and History in the Ancient World. Numismatic and other Studies in Honor of Bluma…

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…Grierson, Byzantine Coins, 36 and 52; idem, Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection, vol. 2, part 1 (Washington, 1968), 95–99, on the various forms of the cross on coins; John of Ephesus…

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…reconstruction proposed by Weitzmann and Kessler. 22 For these coins, see Bezalel Narkiss, in Age of Spirituality, 383, no. 350; Arie Kindler, “A Coin-Type from Apameia in Phrygia (Asia Minor) Depicting the Narrative…

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…had been common since the end of the fourth century and frequently found, for example, on imperial coins. Similar angels appear also on other gems of fifth century date, notably in haematite and nicolo (599–608)…

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…centuries.30 It is unclear why the image was revived in the fifth century, but it does appear as a reverse coin type during the reign of Zeno (476–491 AD)31 and, for example, on an ivory pyxis of similar date,32…

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…15 J. Allgrove McDowell, ‘Romano-Egyptian Embroidery: Autumn and Winter’, Hali 57 (1991), 122. 16 Price, Scott, in Mazza (ed.), From Egypt to Manchester. terned with plant scrolls worked in Z-spun red wool…

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…not despise the name of God on our account, and that we are not going to charge a reduced or bad price for them. And if we happen to sell some things that have only partially been finished, we shall sell…

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…More, instead, is learned from this text about the defrauding of coins, as witnesses provide statements declaring that the two gold coins (Coptic holokottinos; i. e., solidus) paid for the wool are not…

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…71Ana Cabrera-Lafuente and Mariam Rosser-Owen a selling point for dealers to fetch a higher price, and while Chester is known to have acquired material from the site itself, he also bought from dealers…

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…Antique monastic settlement were partially excavated.130 The latter site provided finds (pottery, coins, etc.) dating to the Late Roman, Early Islamic, and Mamlûk Periods.131 128 S. E. Orel, ‘Puzzling together…

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…Zvelebil/Lillie 2000 M. Zvelebil/M. Lillie, The Transition to Agriculture in Eastern Europe. In: T. D. Price (ed.), Europe’s First Farmers (Cambridge 2000) 57–92. http://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/de/list/one/snm/AG002760…

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…1979, both with rising oil prices and the need to save energy, and subsequently the ‘oil glut’ in the 1980s with increased production, but lower demand and thus falling oil prices. On the other hand, these…

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…1979, both with rising oil prices and the need to save energy, and subsequently the ‘oil glut’ in the 1980s with increased production, but lower demand and thus falling oil prices. On the other hand, these…

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…However, these theories did not seem to be able to explain the whole process of ‘Greek colonisation’. Coin minting and production sometimes occurred earlier in colonies, such as in Akanthos on the Chalkidiki…

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…exchange values. Depending on the approach, value is then expressed in the desire to buy, in the price or in the perceived services, functions or attributes (Henning 2007, 87). Value creation is understood…

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…mentions a bishop of Dmanisi.60 Early Byzantine copper coins were found in the settlement territory – two coins each of Justin I and II, and one coin each of Phokas, Herakleios, Konstans II and Justinian…

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…mosaic made after 843 under Theodora.23 Slightly varying versions of Christ are depicted on Byzantine coins and seals of various periods. The preserved images mostly differ from each other by Christ’s gestures…

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…military actions, is also manifested by extensive architectural projects and the issuing of silver coins. The stressed imperial connotation, with which the image of Christ Pantocrator was imbued, perfectly…

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…Bartholomej in 1859.4 Furthermore, there remains a very detailed 1840s drawing of the south side by Price Grigori Gagarin, who visited the church on his travels to explore the art of Georgia, Russia and Byzantium…

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…and non-religious (political) 17 About the Pantocrator see Grierson, Philip, Catalogue of Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection, vol. III.I, Washington, D.C. 1973…

Ausführliche Beschreibung auf unbekannte Sprache
…Sportart. In Cafés von Marokko bis Dubai fiebern Zuschauer beim "El Clásico" zwischen Real Madrid und dem FC Barcelona mit. In den Medien wird nicht nur über die jeweiligen Vereins- und Nationalmannschaften,…

Vorwort
…Publikum. In Cafés von Marokko bis Dubai fiebern Zuschauer beim „El Clásico“ zwischen Real Madrid und dem FC Barcelona mit. In Forschung und Lehre fand der neuhocharabische Sportwortschatz bisher wenig Beachtung…

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…DIALECTALES RÉGULIERS QAND=QUET ačawəl BKR=SWAT ač(aw)əl : ačawi. Au passé, désinence de 3MSG /o/. FC ačawo /wā-čawo PEX : au passé /ačol/ et 3MSG FL : ačolo / wā-čolo DZA čawəl : čawi « prendre, attraper…

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…DIALECTALES IRRÉGULIERS QAND=QUET rawdǝl : rawi [rǝwi] « to suck » BKR=SWAT rǝ/awdǝl : rǝ/awi (au passé FC et non pas FL) DIR : rawdǝl : rawǝm+ au passé désinence de 3MSG /o/ : rawdo/wrawdo. MPL rawdǝ(l)/w-rawdǝ(l)…

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…construites soit directement sur le radical (FC = Forme Courte), soit sur le radical suivi du morphème /əl/ (FL = Forme Longue). Exemples (formes finies du verbe) : FC : R.désinence FL : R.əl.désinence Il n’existe…

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…construites soit directement sur le radical (FC = Forme Courte), soit sur le radical suivi du morphème /əl/ (FL = Forme Longue). Exemples (formes finies du verbe) : FC : R.désinence FL : R.əl.désinence Il n’existe…

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…mundǝ/ ú-mundǝ PEX : by-mutǝl : by-muz-. Au passé, désinence de 3MSG /o/ (FL) by-mutǝlo. Cependant FC admise, donc : by-mut(ǝl)o/by-mut(ǝl)o DZA mindǝl : mimi « trouver, découvrir ». Mais dans le corpus…

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…nursery word. 3. Aoromazdo (aoromazdo) diverges from the coin inscription ôoromazdo, here p. 27, fig. 1. 4. Mozdooano (mozdooano), on three coins (32), here p. 63, fig. 3. 5. Sroshardo (sro%ardo), cf. YAv…

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…57 32. Mozdooano . 61 33. The Rabatak inscription . 62 34. Kushan coins depicting Iranian deities in Greek garb . 64 35. Kushan coins depicting Iranian deities . 65 36. Oēsho . 67 37. The ordeal, the fire…

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…57 32. Mozdooano . 61 33. The Rabatak inscription . 62 34. Kushan coins depicting Iranian deities in Greek garb . 64 35. Kushan coins depicting Iranian deities . 65 36. Oēsho . 67 37. The ordeal, the fire…

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…Manaobago and pictured on several coins of Kanishka and Huvishka (Göbl nos. 59, 151, enlarged on pl. 160), here depicted on fig. 2, p. 59. Of all the deities on the Kushan coins this is one of the most difficult…

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…Persians and to content themselves with the place after these in the official order of rank. 34. Kushan coins depicting Iranian deities in Greek garb 34.1. From the point of view of the political, cultural, and…

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…of the Greek Coins in the British Museum, vol. 2: Sicily. London: Printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum, 1876. BMC Ptolemies = Poole, R. S. A Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British…

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…Kleinen, no. 61. For coins: RPC IV, no. 5119 (a bronze coin of Antoninus Pius or Marcus Aurelius), 5533 (a bronze coin of Antoninus Pius or Marcus Aurelius) and 10648 (a bronze coin of Commodus). 430. MNK…

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…1035; AGDS IV. Hannover, nos. 473–74. For coins: Vollenweider, Porträtgemmen, pl. 15.9, p. 16 (denarius of C. Marcius Censorinus, 87/6 BC); RRC no. 340/1–3 and 6 (coins of L. Calpurnius Piso Frugi, 90 BC).…

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…Republican coins’ reverses since the 1st century BC, see: RRC no. 445/1–2 (denarii of C. Claudius Marcellus and L. Cornelius Lentulus Crus, 49 BC). In the Roman Imperial period, it occurs on coins too with…

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…Dimitrova-Miličeva, Sofia, nos. 159–60; Henig, Corpus, no. 658 (with more literature). For coins: RPC III, no. 1532 (a bronze coin of Hadrian, minted in Cyzicus). Objects, symbols and combinations of symbols 678…

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…construites soit directement sur le radical (FC = Forme Courte), soit sur le radical suivi du morphème /əl/ (FL = Forme Longue). Exemples (formes finies du verbe) : FC : R.désinence FL : R.əl.désinence Il n’existe…

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…1948: About twelve coin pieces of copper were cleaned and found to be of Arabic character. 5 November 1948: Dr. Mustapha of the Arabic Museum of Cairo gave me a note about the coins. He says that they…

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…1948: About twelve coin pieces of copper were cleaned and found to be of Arabic character. 5 November 1948: Dr. Mustapha of the Arabic Museum of Cairo gave me a note about the coins. He says that they…

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…(Bibliografia: J. walkeR, A Catalogue of the Muhammadan Coins in the British Museum. Vol. 2: A Catalogue of the Arab-Byzantine and post-reform Umaiyad coins, 1941. / abd al-RahmaN fahmi, Mawsu’at al’nuqud al-’arabiya…

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…Gang der Grabung22 13 January 1949: A gold coin was found near the place of the three others found before32. 16 January 1949: Dr. K. A. C. Creswell visited the site with Dr. Moh. Mustapha from the Arabic…

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…1949: Clearing the east-north part of the building31. In one of the chambers were found three gold coins in a very good state of preservation, inscribed in Arabic language (to be examined by specialists)…

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…1948: About twelve coin pieces of copper were cleaned and found to be of Arabic character. 5 November 1948: Dr. Mustapha of the Arabic Museum of Cairo gave me a note about the coins. He says that they…